Procedure: Work done to accelerate a cart.
In this part you will push on the cart with the Force Sensor to cause the cart to accelerate. The Motion Detector allows you to measure the initial and final velocities; along with the Force Sensor, you can measure the work you do on the cart to accelerate it.
1. With the "WorkEnergy" experiment loaded, change the force scale of the Force/Time and Force/Distance graphs to go from 0 to 0.6N.
2. Determine the mass of the cart and record it in the data table. Place the cart at rest about 1.5 m from the Motion Detector, ready to roll toward the detector.
3. Prepare to gently push the cart toward the Motion Detector using the Force Sensor. Hold the Force Sensor so the force it applies to the cart is parallel to the sensitive axis of the sensor.
4. Click "Start" to begin data collection. When you hear the Motion Detector begin clicking, gently push the cart toward the detector using only the hook of the Force Sensor. The push should last about half a second. Let the cart roll toward the Motion Detector, but catch it before it strikes the detector. Try this a few times till you feel you have a set of data representative of your experiment.
5. Sketch the three graphs into your notebook
6. Examine the distance vs. time and force vs. time graphs by clicking the Examine button
. Identify when you started to push the cart. Record this time and distance in the data table.
7. Examine the distance vs. time and force vs. time graphs and identify when you stopped pushing the cart. Record this time and distance in the data table.
8. Determine the velocity of the cart after the push. Use the slope of the distance vs. time graph, which should be a straight line after the push is complete. Record the slope in the data table.
9. From the force vs. distance graph, determine the work you did to accelerate the cart. To do this, select the region corresponding to the push (but no more). Click the Integrate button
to measure the area under the curve. Record the value in the data table.